India is developing biomass energy

Apparently, the giant power station lies among the countryside of Punjabi which located at the northwest of India cannot look like a place for producing renewable resources. But, the stuffed feedstock on the stockyard is not piles of coal, but bunches of straw. The machine cut the compressed thick straw blocks, and the male workers lift bunches of grass by the pitchfork on the conveyor belt which lead to the power station. They wear the handkerchief on their face to avoid of the infraction from the dust in the air.

Here is the Punjab biomass power station, and the workers are collecting the remained straws by farmers in the lush farmland around the countryside. After harvest, the latter usually work like the India farm workers and burn the agro waste which can not be eaten by the human and animals. The lands are cleared before planting wheat, which is one of the most important resources for serious air pollution in India. In Punjab biomass power, there are about 12,0000 ton straw used to burn for power station every year, which are devote to the India grid about 12000 Kilowatt electricity.

The power station also has exhaust gas, though the filter device makes the exhausted gas lower than burning outdoors. However, this kind of biomass energy can realize the carbon neutral in principle. The reason is that the sugarcane shell, fruit shells and other plant fuel absorb the CO2 from the atmosphere during growing. The biomass power has the qualification of transform the Carbon credits into the money. And the Punjab Biomass Power hopes to profit one hundred thousand dollars every year from it.

The India Prime Minister Manmohan Singh appeal that India is going to doubled the supply of unconventional energy including the biomass energy. The figure is increased from 2500, 0000 Kilowatt to 5500, 0000 Kilowatt in 2017. Singh made a speech on the Clean Energy Ministerial meeting in New Delhi“ the energy is less and expensive but it is also important for development” He also express that the developing country have to enlarge the supply of various kinds of energy which includes conventional and unconventional energy.

Because 60% of Indian lives on farming and the country have plenty of agro wastes. Sunil Dhingra, Senior Researcher of Energy Resources Institute in Delhi estimated that India has about 6 hundred million agro wastes, among them, 1.5-2 hundred million are without use. He declares that this is a great resource for finding a new way.

Biomass energy can also bring additional income for India farmers. Punjab biomass power purchases the straw from 15000 farmers with the price of 500 Rupee (about 50 RMB). Or else these straws will be burned.

While the developing biomass energy industry also face with a lot of challenges, especially in the aspect of agro wastes collection, storage and transmit. Most of the farmland are scattered and there is no unified treatment method for wastes. So the energy company requires large quantities of thresher and tractor to collect the agro wastes from the farmland. The Punjab biomass power is mainly use the straw for burning, but it is also considered to use other agro waste which can not be used for animals, like corn straw, cotton stalks and bagasse for supplementing the supply of materials.

Biomass materials must be stored in the large scale warehouse, the biomass materials has to keep dry even in the raining days. It is necessary to take advantages of the large amount of stored materials. From the point of view on operation, this company is profitable though it may lose money in the first few years. The company still plan to build 8 power stations which burns straw as fuel around the Punjab, the generating capacity is going to up to 96000 Kilowatt until 2017. The Bomak hope to build 20 biomass power stations all over India. The generating capacity is up to 240000 Kilowatt in the future three years and 1000000 Kilowatt in the future six years.

Although India has the potential for biomass energy, India is lack of efficiency, logistics infrastructure and investment comparing with Finland. A large amount of investment has been input to the public and the private aspects on the research. The giant warehouse can be used to store the leaf and wood managed in order to ensure the stable efficient material supply.

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